| Before
the rise add of the Lanna Empire on the bank of the
Ping River in 1700 B.E. (1157 A.D.), Chiang Saen,
now a district of Chiang Rai, served as a settlement
of indigenous people who spoke Mon and Khmer. Prominent
among these settlers were the et hnic Lua people,
who coined the phrase "Saang kaw fah, Laa kaw muang"
(The sky the spirit created, the city the Lua made).
|
The pagoda of Wat Paa Sak, Chiang
Saen |
A battle ensued, from which Price Kuruwongsa
emerged the winner. He then succeeded as the new ruler,
and had the name of the city changed to Kururat and its
people known as Klawm or Khom.
Next to the formidable kururat was the
state of Indapathan, which was ruled by a princess served
by warriors known as forest guardians. When Prince Kuruwongsa
married the princess, their two states merged and became
known as kururat - lttapat Mahanakho n.
- Phra That Chom Kitti, Chiang Saen
|
Bodhisarn
Luang was subsequently ruled by several other dynasties,
one of which was that of Phraya Sriwongsa who had
two sons, Indrawongsa and Aiyakumarn.
Indrawongsa ascended to the throne after Sriwongsa's
death, and made Aiyakumarn his viceroy. Indrawongsa's
son Indrapathom then married his cousin, Viceroy
Aiyakumarn's daughter Urasa, and they had six children,
the youngest of whom was Devindrabovorn.
When Indrapathom succeeded his father as ruler,
Aiyakumarn conceded his position and went to set
up a new town on a hilly site the shape of a capsized
boat west of Kok River, on the bank of the Mekong
River. |
A new town was born but an old town was soon to perish.
Two incidents combined to ensure the
end of the prosperous kingdom. One was the appointment
of Bahira - Brahm as King Indrapathom's counsellor and
the other was Queen Urasa's giving birth to her seventh
child.
The sky was screaming and the earth
shaking when the child was delivered through the mouth,
from where it dropped onto a golden tray. This was accompanied
by miraculous traits: the new - born child, named Suwannamukha
Tawarn, immediately walked and tal ked, and his supernatural
ability became the talk of the kingdom and beyond.
Suwannamukha - Tawarn's miraculous power
accelerated as he was seven months old the Court's counsellor
told the king that the baby was an evil spirit. He warned
that the city would be doomed if the child was allowed
to grow, and suggested that he be ban isted from the Kingdom.
The gullible king followed his counsellor's
advice. By sacrificing his youngest son and wife to an
unknown destination on a raft along the Mekong River,
the king believed that he had secured the safety of his
kingdom.
Aiyakumarn, who later became known as
Aiya - Upparat, made a trip to visit his daughter and
his new - born grandson, and was devastated when he learned
what happened to his own flesh and blood. He ordered that
poles be planted and golden lanterns hung a t every pier.
He also pleaded with the great Naga, the guardian of water.
to protect Queen Urasa and the little Suwannamukha Tawarn.
- Phra That Song Peenong (Wiang
Preugsa), Chiang Saen
|
Hearing
Aiya - Upparat's plea, the head of all nagas, Phra
Srisattanaga, drafted his naga soldiers to fill
the Mekong River with stones at a place called Kaengsipee.
Three miracles thus happened: golden lanterns lighting
up the night along the riverside, the river rising
to the brim, and the raft floating upstream. Accord
ingly, the next morning, the raft carrying Queen
Urasa and her young son arrived safely at Kome kham
Pier in answer to her father's prayer. |
for seven days and seven nights, the
city was in a festive mood as the people expressed their
gratitude to the Naga and the guardian angels and celebrated
the safe return of the queen and the young prince. Suwanna
Komekham was adopted as the name of the new town.
Meanwhile, after the banishment of Queen
Urasa and Suwannamukha Tawarn, Bodhisarn Luang underwent
a series of calamities including droughts, famines and
the plague. Many people left the city and moved elsewhere,
with some migrating to Suwanna Komekham.
By divine intervention, a horse named
Assadorn arrived at Bodhisarn Luang. King Indrapathom's
son Prince Devindrabovorn was destined to be the only
person who could overcome the horse, and accordingly,
Assadorn took the prince to Suwanna Komekham, where he
was reunited with his mother and younger brother.
Upon learning that his wife and youngest
son were safe, King Indrapathom made a journey to plead
for his wife's return. His plea rejected, he returned
to Bodhisarn Luang broken - hearted.
| Eventually,
Prince Suwannamukha Tawarn ruled Suwanna Komekham
while his elder brother ruled Bodhisarn Luang. The
court counsellor, Bahira - Brahm and his family and
cronies were expelled from Bodhisarn Luang and they
settled at a place called "Umongka - Salao - Nakhon".
What was lit would be extinguished, and so was the
light of the golden lanterns. This folk legend thus
also gives an account of the end of Suwanna Komekham.
|
- Wat Chedi Luang
|
The Suwanna Komekham court was succeeded
by descendants of the same royal family until the royal
line ran out of its rightful successor. It was at this
time that Bahira - Brahm's descendants moved in and took
over Suwanna Komekham, which ironically me t its end at
the hands of its own rulers.
On the bank of the great Mekong, mid
- way between Suwanna Komekham and Bodhisarn Luang lived
a lone lad who toiled the land. One day, the three daughters
of the great Naga sneaked into the farm and stole some
food from the farmer. Their mischief enrag ed their father,
who punished them by sentencing them to spend their lives
serving the young farmer.
One day, the three daughters advised
the farmer to sell his produce in Suwanna Komekham. The
young farmer followed the recommendation and traded in
Suwanna Komekham on several occasions, but each time he
lost his merchandise because of tricks by the cro oked
ruler of Suwanna Komekham.
Finally, the three girls accompanied
him on his trip to Suwanna Komekham. In a win - all, lose
- all gamble, the city was lost to the farmer, who was
aided by the magical support of the Naga's three daughters.
However, the ruler of Suwanna Komekham ref used to concede
his kingdom and forced the farmer leave the city Enraged,
the three daughters reported the incident to their father.
In the dark of the night, the great
Naga and his supporters launched an offensive on Suwanna
Komekham, resulting in the city and the palace being inundated
and going under the Mekong River. The residents of the
city fled and settled in different places.